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長期站立 腰椎滑脫風險增

腰椎滑脫(Spondylolisthesis)這種腰痛徵狀,通常出現在50歲以上人士身上,女性患上的機會比較高,原因是受到懷孕生產等因素影響,使到關節強度較弱。
不過,早前卻有位只有24歲的女性來求診,她感到腰痛、腳痛,證實患有腰椎滑脫。她從事售貨行業,工作需要長時間站立,因而影響腰椎健康;再問過往病歷,她說多年前已有間中腰痛問題,但一直沒理會,原來她是跳彈床運動員,中學年代接受過5年訓練,表現理想更差點獲選為香港代表隊,可是因為要應付學業最終放棄了。 腰痛劇烈 腰患便是由當年開始,那時候她沒有熱身便上彈床練習,經常跳高跌低,做出各樣扭動腰肢的動作,日積月累下使腰椎逐漸出現滑脫。後來工作需要站立,加重關節負擔,腰椎長期受壓,終令腰痛劇烈。 腰椎共有五節脊骨,腰椎滑脫是指腰椎的其中一節脊骨順着下一節脊骨往前移位,這情況有機會造成馬尾神經壓迫或神經線拉扯,引發腰痛或坐骨神經痛的徵狀,痛楚可延伸至臀部及大腿後側,使雙腳乏力。患者會感到腰痛、腳痛,甚至小便失禁,行路動作因此變得遲緩,大大影響日常生活。 慎選上班鞋 這位年輕女患者,證實是腰椎第五節向前移位。腰椎滑脫分為四個階段,第四為最嚴重,她屬於第二階段,代表漸趨向嚴重,但仍未需要動手術,假若情況持續惡化,就不能避免了。 脊骨神經科以手法矯正腰椎,經過二十多次療程,腰和腳的痛楚已大減。她接受建議在站立一段時間後,做些伸展動作以紓緩腰和腳部的壓力,並選擇舒適的上班鞋,避免穿高跟鞋。